The term e-governance focuses on the use of new ICT by governments as applied to the full range of government functions. Thus e-governance is the application of information and communication technology for delivering government services, exchange of information, communication, transaction, integration, various stands alone systems and services between government and citizens, government and business as well as back office process and interaction within the entire government frame work.
ICT acts in speeding up the flow of information and knowledge between government and citizen and transforming the way in which government and citizen interact.
Types of Government Interaction in e-governance.
G2G: Government to Government
G2C: Government to Citizen
G2B: Government to Business
G2E: Government to Employee
Digital India
- The Digital India programme is a flagship programme of the Government of India with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.
- The focus is on being transformative – to realize IT + IT = IT
- The focus is on making technology central to enable change.
- It is an Umbrella Programme – covering many departments.
Nine Pillars of Digital India
- Broadband highways – To support Broadband for all Rural, Broadband for all Urban & National Information infrastructure by DoT & DeitY
- Universal access to mobile connectivity- For providing coverage to uncovered villages with mobile connectivity
- Public internet access programme- This has two important sub components
- CSCs- Aims to cover each gram panchayat to provide delivery of e_services to the citizens
- Post-Office- To be converted into multi service centers
- E-governance – reforming government through technology
- Online applications and tracking – Online applications and tracking of their status should be provided.
- Online repositories – Use of online repositories e.g. for certificates, educational degrees, identity documents, etc. should be mandated so that citizens are not required to submit these documents in physical form.
- Integration of services and platforms – Integration of services and platforms e.g. Aadhaar platform of Unique Identity Authority of India (UIDAI), payment gateway, Mobile Seva platform, sharing of data through open Application Programming Interfaces (API) and middleware such as National and State Service Delivery Gateways (NSDG/SSDG) should be mandated to facilitate integrated and interoperable service delivery to citizens and businesses.
- Ekranti – electronic delivery of services- There are 44 Mission Mode Projects under e-Kranti programme. These mission mode projects are grouped into Central, State and Integrated projects. You can read more details – here.
- Information for all- Open Data platform, Social Media Engagement and Online Messaging
- Electronics manufacturing- promoting electronics manufacturing in the country with the target of NET ZERO Imports by 2020.
- IT for jobs- This pillar focuses on providing training to the youth in the skills required for availing employment opportunities in the IT/ITES sector.
- Early harvest programmes- Early Harvest Programme basically consists of those projects which are to be implemented within short timeline. Such as Biometric attendance, Wi-Fi in public places, secure email, SMS based alerts.
Important Key Points to remember
- The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) has been formulated by the Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DEITY) and Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) in 2006.
Search Engine and Web Browser
Search Engine – You can search the various for information on the Internet by using the search engine. It is software programs that search for websites based on keywords that the user types in. It then goes through their databases of information in order to locate the information you are looking for.
Here you can check the Names of Search Engine,
Google,
Bing,
Yahoo,
Baidu,
DuckDuckgo,
Search Encrypt,
Yandex,
Startpage.
Web Browser – A web browser allows people to access, retrieve and view information on the Internet. The user can fill in the address of the website or webpage to visit that page. The “browsed” information can be in the form of text content on a web page, an image, video, audio, etc.
Here you can check the Names of Search Engine,
Mozilla Firefox,
Google Chrome,
Internet Explorer,
Opera,
Safari,
Tor,
Edge,
Slimjet Browser,
UC Browser,
Netscape,
Maxthon,
SeaMonkey,
Vivaldi,
Chromium.
Important ICT Computer Acronyms
The UGC NET Paper 1 is the important part of the exam and the common ICT Abbreviations from the Computer Basic and Terminology is generally asked.
BIOS – The Basic Input and Output System that controls the computer, it tells us about the operations to be performed on the System. The Instructions are embedded on a chip connected to the Motherboard
BYTE – Byte is known as the Storage unit of data
CPU – CPU is the Brain of a Computer. It is also known as the Central Processing Unit of the Computer.
MAC – The common abbreviation used for a type of personal Computer Macintosh made by the Apple Computer Company
OS – OS is the Operating System of the Computer. It is the main program that runs on the Computer and begins automatically when the Computer is turned on
PC – The Personal Computer is given the common abbreviation named PC. All the Computers are IBM Compatible
PDF – When the File is to be stored in the Portable Document Format, the term PDF is used.
RAM – The Space that can be accessed only one time is known as Random Access Memory. The Working Speed of the Computer System depends on the RAM.
ROM – The Instructions for the Computer is the ROM or Read Only Memory. ROM is a nonvolatile and cannot be altered
VGA – The System that is used for displaying the graphics is known as Video Graphics Array or VGA. It was developed by IBM
WYSIWYG – It is commonly Known as WIZZIWIG that means What You See Is What You Get. The basic meaning of this abbreviation is Printer will print what you see on your monitor.
Wi-Fi – Wireless Fidelity
GOOGLE – Global Organization of Oriented Group Language of Earth
YAHOO – Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle
WINDOW – Wide Interactive Network Development for Office Work Solution
Computer – Common Oriented Machine, Particularly United and used Under Technical Educational Research
VIRUS – Vital Information Resources Under Siege
UMTS – Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
AMOLED – Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode
OLED – Organic Light Emitting Diode
IMEI – International Mobile Equipment Identity
ESN – Electronic Serial Number
UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply
HDMI – High Definition Multimedia Interface
VPN – Virtual Private Network
APN – Access Point Name
LED – Light Emitting Diode
DLNA – Digital Living Network Alliance
RAM – Random Access Memory
ROM – Read Only Memory
VGA – Video Graphics Array
QVGA – Quarter Video Graphics Array
WVGA – Wide Video Graphics Array
USB – Universal Serial Bus
WLAN – Wireless Local Area Network
ICT: MCQ(s)
Q Firewalls are used to protect a communication network system against:
A: Unauthorized attacks
B: Virus attacks
C: Data-driven attacks
D: Fire-attacks
Correct_Answer: (A)
Q . Transfer of data from one application to another line is known as:
A: Dynamic Disk Exchange
B: Dodgy Data Exchange
C: Dogmatic Data Exchange
D: Dynamic Data Exchange
Correct_Answer: (D)
Q . The process of laying out a document with text, graphics, headlines and photographs is involved in
A: Deck Top Publishing
B: Desk Top Printing
C: Desk Top Publishing
D: Deck Top Printing
Correct_Answer: (C)
Q , “Dpi” stands for:
A: Dots per inch
B: Digits per unit
C: Dots pixel inch
D: Diagrams per inch
Correct_Answer: (A)
Q . Which part of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) performs calculation and makes decisions:
A: Arithematic Logic Unit
B: Alternating Logic Unit
C: Alternate Local Unit
D: American Logic Unit
Correct_Answer: (A)
Q . On the keyboard of computer each character has an “ASCII” value which stands for:
A: American Stock Code for Information Interchange
B: American Standard Code for Information Interchange
C: African Standard Code for Information Interchange
D: Adaptable Standard Code for Information Change
Correct_Answer: (B)
Q . www represents:
A: who what and where
B: weird wide web
C: word wide web
D: world wide web
Correct_Answer: (D)
Q . RAM means:
A: Random Access Memory
B: Rigid Access Memory
C: Rapid Access Memory
D: Revolving Access Memory
Correct_Answer: (A)
Q . Data can be saved on backing storage medium known as :
A: Compact Disk Recordable
B: Computer Disk Rewritable
C: Compact Disk Rewritable
D: Computer Data Rewritable
Correct_Answer: (C)
Q The ‘brain’ of a computer which keeps peripherals under its control is called:
A: Common Power Unit
B: Common Processing Unit
C: Central Power Unit
D: Central Processing Unit
Correct_Answer: (D)
Q . CD ROM stands for:
A: Computer Disk Read Only Memory
B: Compact Disk Read Over Memory
C: Compact Disk Read Only Memory
D: Computer Disk Read Over Memory
Correct_Answer: (C)
Q . Video transmission over the Internet that looks like delayed livecasting is called:
A: virtual video
B: direct broadcast
C: video shift
D: real-time video
Correct_Answer: (D)
Q . Use of an ordinary telephone as an Internet applicance is called:
A: voice net
B: voice telephone
C: voice line
D: voice portal
Correct_Answer: (C)
Q . The concept of connect intelligence is derived from:
A: virtual reality
B: fuzzy logic
C: Bluetooth technology
D: value added networks
Correct_Answer: (D)
Q . In web search, finding a large number of documents with very little relevant information is termed:
A: poor recall
B: web crawl
C: poor precision rate
D: poor web response
Correct_Answer: (A)
Q . Using websites to pour out one’s grievances is called:
A: cyber venting
B: cyber ranting
C: web hate
D: web plea
Correct_Answer: A
Q . Which of the following is the appropriate format of URL of e-mail?
A: www_mail.com
B: www@mail.com
C: WWW@mail.com
D: http://www.mail.com
Correct_Answer: (B)
Q . Information and Communication Technology includes:
A: On line learning
B: Learning through the use of EDUSAT
C: Web Based Learning
D: All the above
Correct_Answer: D
Q . Which of the following is the appropriate definition of a computer?
A: Computer is a machine that can process information.
B: Computer is an electronic device that can store, retrieve and process both qualitative and quantitative data quickly and accurately.
C: Computer is an electronic device that can store, retrieve and quickly process only quantitative data.
D: Computer is a machine that can store, retrieve and process quickly and accurately only qualitative information.
Best of luck……..
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